作者:
Duan-Rung Chen ✉️(陳端容-本所教師), 劉濱槐 Chun-Tung Kuo (郭俊東-本所兼任助理教授)
期刊名稱:台灣公共衛誌 Taiwan Journal of Public Health
發表日期:2025.08.15
發表文章:
台北市社區對失智症預防準備度的群集分析Cluster analysis of community readiness for dementia prevention in Taipei City
台灣高齡化來襲,你的社區準備好面對失智症了嗎?
隨著台灣快速邁入超高齡社會,失智症成為家庭與社區無法迴避的挑戰。陳端容教授團隊(劉濱槐學生與郭俊東老師)最新發表於《台灣衛誌》2025;44(4):364-380 的研究,針對台北市456個里進行調查,涵蓋63%的社區,首度揭示各地區在失智症預防上的「準備度分級」。
研究利用社區準備度模型(Community Readiness Model, CRM)與群集分析,將台北市社區分為四大類:
1. 知識高、能量低型:知道失智症的重要性,但缺乏領導力與資源;
2. 政府導向型:了解政策卻難以自主推動;
3. 均衡型:各面向表現平均,具備中等能量;
4. 高資源、低知識型:組織力與資源強,但知識不足。
進一步分析發現,社區凝聚力是失智症準備度的重要指標。換言之,唯有建立互信、共同價值與社區網絡,有可能把失智症防治從口號變成行動。
研究團隊強調,介入策略應針對不同類型社區量身打造,而非僅著眼於單一社區。本研究不僅提供科學化的診斷工具,亦可協助政府依社區特性制定差異化的失智症防治方案,並進一步促進社區之間的經驗共享與群體學習。
摘要/Abstract
目標:
失智症預防需要依據不同社區的認知程度、準備度與共同行動能力,制定適切的介入策略。本研究應用社區準備度模型(Community Readiness Model,CRM)評估台灣社區在失智症預防的準備程度,並結合集體效能理論(collective efficacy theory),探討社會凝聚力與共同行動能力是否與社區準備度類型有關。
方法:
本研究於2021年3月至6月進行橫斷面調查,調查對象為台北市456個社區(里)的社區領導者,共邀請3,129名領導者(里、鄰長及社區發展協會理事長)參與,最終獲得447份有效回應,涵蓋288個里(占全市總里數的63.16%)。調查內容包括社區知識、領導力、資源可用性、對政府計畫的認知,以及集體效能(如共同行動能力與社會凝聚力)。
結果:
本研究透過聚集分析出四種類型的社區準備度,並針對不同類型社區提出相應的公共衛生策略建議:對於低能力社區,應強化領導力培訓並優化資源分配;對已具備政策相關計畫認知的社區,建議擴展失智症教育與推動在地參與倡議;對於準備度較為平衡的社區,應維持其參與程度並促進資訊共享;至於高資源社區,則應進一步協助其提升對失智症的正確認知與持續參與。研究亦發現,不同群集的社區在集體效能(p < 0.001)得分不同,在曾推動失智症預防計畫(p < 0.001)上亦有顯著差異。多項式邏輯迴歸分析進一步指出社區失智症預防準備度較好的社區群集,在社區的社會凝聚力表現上也較佳(p < 0.01)。
結論:
針對不同社區類型進行量身訂製的介入措施,並增進社區社會凝聚力,將可能有助於將口號轉為行動,提升失智症預防工作的成效,並促進長期的公共衛生成果。。
Objectives
Effective dementia prevention requires tailored interventions that account for varying levels of community awareness, preparedness, and collective capacity for action. In this study, the community readiness model was employed to assess the readiness of Taiwanese communities for dementia prevention, and the theory of collective efficacy was utilized to investigate the association between collective efficacy and community readiness.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to June 2021 among leaders from 456 communities in Taipei City. A total of 3,129 leaders, including community heads and chairpersons of community development organizations, were invited to participate in the survey. In total, 447 valid responses were obtained from 288 communities, with this representing 63.16% of all communities in the city. The survey assessed community knowledge, leadership, resource availability, awareness of government programs, and collective efficacy (willingness to intervene/act and social cohesion).
Results
A cluster analysis revealed four distinct types of community readiness. Corresponding public health strategy recommendations were proposed: communities with low capacities should strengthen leadership training and improve resource allocation, those familiar with government initiatives should expand dementia education and promote local engagement initiatives, those with balanced readiness should sustain participation and foster information sharing; and those with high resource levels should improve the accuracy of dementia knowledge and encourage continual involvement. The community readiness clusters varied significantly in terms of collective efficacy (p < .001) and prior implementation of dementia prevention programs (p < .001), indicating that disparities in community readiness correlate with varying levels of collective efficacy and proactive policy participation. A multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that communities with greater readiness for dementia prevention demonstrated stronger social cohesion (p < .001).
Conclusions
Implementing tailored interventions for different community types and fostering social cohesion may help translate slogans into action, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of dementia prevention efforts and ultimately improving long-term public health outcomes.